The hottest rural water pollution control to find

Rural water pollution control to find the best operation mode

674million rural population, more than 2.5 million natural villages, 3000 people every day, do not slack off more than 10000 tons of sewage discharge, but the sewage treatment rate is less than 10%

in contrast, the sewage treatment rate in most cities in China has reached 80%. It is obvious that rural areas have become a short board for the development of China's environmental protection industry

it is gratifying that the Ministry of environmental protection recently said that it will speed up the preparation of clean water action plans and rural ecological environment protection action plans, and pay close attention to the study and revision of groundwater environmental quality standards. The "water pollution prevention and control plan" is also expected to be released by the end of the year, and the state is expected to invest 2trillion yuan

however, it is not easy for sewage treatment to really enter the countryside and towns

the characteristics of sewage such as dispersion, complex and volatile water quality components, high follow-up operating costs and the weak awareness of environmental protection of villagers all put forward higher requirements for the accuracy and force measurement stability of the experimental machine in rural areas due to the quality of the sensor, environmental treatment technology and business model

the first national pollution source survey of the Ministry of environmental protection in 2010 showed that the main pollutants from agricultural sources such as cod, total nitrogen and total phosphorus accounted for 43%, 57% and 67% of the total emissions respectively

since the sewage discharge in most township areas in China has not been included in the coverage of urban municipal administration, the evaporation and direct discharge of sewage has become a common state in rural areas. This has also caused the water environment of more than 90% of small towns in China to be polluted to varying degrees, 78% of urban river sections are not suitable for drinking water, and 50% of urban groundwater is affected

liujunxin, director of the Northern Research Center for rural sewage treatment technology of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, said that the water quality, volume change and daily change coefficient of sewage in rural areas are large, but the degree of treatment is very low, which will produce a large pollution load on the environment

wangshouzhong, senior engineer of the General Institute of engineering design and research of the general equipment department, also said that sewage in rural areas has significant characteristics such as many points, wide coverage, small amount and dispersion. Compared with sewage treatment in large and medium-sized cities, it is not only different in water quality, quantity and construction mode, but also different in process selection, project construction and investment, operation management and guarantee mode

according to the 12th Five Year Plan for the construction of national urban sewage treatment and recycling facilities, by 2015, China's sewage treatment rate will be further improved, with the urban sewage treatment rate reaching 85%, the county average reaching 70%, and the built-up town average reaching 30%

but at present, experts say that due to the weak economic affordability of small counties and rural areas, there are few technologies to choose from for sewage treatment, and the management also lacks corresponding regulations Norms, norms and standards, it is difficult to achieve the goal of sewage treatment in the 12th Five Year Plan

the implementation of the project is blocked

according to Lu Xiwu, deputy dean of the school of energy and environment of Southeast University, biological treatment is generally used in small town sewage treatment plants, such as oxidation ditch, SBR (sequencing batch activated sludge method), a/a/o (anaerobic anoxic aerobic method) and its improved processes; In towns and townships with weak economic development and large area, artificial wetlands, ecological ponds and other land treatment systems are mainly used. However, at present, most rural sewage treatment projects in China simply apply the technical treatment mode of urban sewage treatment plants, and the discharge standards mainly follow the primary standard of the pollutant discharge standard for urban sewage treatment plants. This expensive scheme is extremely inconsistent with rural technology and economy

the nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of urban sewage is not suitable for rural sewage treatment plants, and the traditional or single ecological engineering technology also has problems such as large land occupation and unstable treatment effect. In Lu Xiwu's view, village sewage treatment must organically combine biological methods with ecological engineering, so as to not only save costs and operating costs, but also achieve a stable effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal

in addition to technical problems, many environmental protection enterprises also face commercial barriers such as price mechanism and operating costs if they want to further expand the blue ocean of rural sewage treatment

sunquanmin, deputy general manager of Guangxi Yijiang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., told China Science Daily that the entry threshold of sewage treatment industry is low, which also causes vicious competition in the market. Moreover, some enterprises have single technology and insufficient experience, which can not adapt to the complex sewage treatment situation in rural areas

although the local financial allocation is relatively more targeted, the financial capacity of most places is difficult to ensure the comprehensive construction and operation of small sewage treatment systems in rural areas. Shaoyanqing said to

Zhang Jingzhi, CEO of sound international, also holds the same view: for those rural sewage treatment projects that have been completed, subject to the high follow-up operation and maintenance costs and the lack of professional talents, Reeve said when talking about the cost of FRP bridges, most of them are in the state of sun exposure, which can not achieve the effect of pre design

in addition, in rural areas, it is also very difficult for enterprises to requisition sewage treatment construction sites. Most grass-roots people have weak awareness of environmental protection and always treat the implementation of environmental protection projects negatively, which also increases difficulties in raising later maintenance costs

the operation mode needs to be broken through

even if there is a large gap between ideal and reality, there are some successful cases in China

in Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, the government reduces the financial pressure of villages and towns by setting up a special fund to replace subsidies with awards. The municipal finance will reward 80% of the actual work volume, the other 20% will be borne by the financial resources of towns and villages, and the subsequent electricity charges will also be borne by the municipal finance. In just four years, the number of rural decentralized sewage treatment facilities in the city has increased from 29 to 374

according to shaoyanqing, the key to rural sewage treatment is to choose the best business model. Due to the small scale of a single project, rural sewage can be packaged into pieces. If the intensive and large-scale operation and management is carried out by professional government departments or market-oriented professional companies, it can not only play the scale effect, but also produce the marginal effect to the greatest extent, such as management personnel sharing, information sharing, spare parts sharing, etc

sun Quanmin suggested that the country should raise the entry threshold of projects, establish a blacklist and red list enterprise database, and eliminate the fittest. In addition, we should also strengthen the implementation of project management funds, improve the enthusiasm of grass-roots units, and establish necessary reward and punishment mechanisms

from a technical point of view, Lu Xiwu believes that rural sewage treatment needs to comprehensively consider the local economic conditions, topographic conditions and drainage characteristics, and design a reasonable implementation plan according to local conditions. In the future, it is necessary to develop processes that can not only meet the needs of nitrogen and phosphorus removal of small and medium-sized domestic sewage, but also provide complete sets of technologies and equipment for centralized urban sewage treatment

Wang Shouzhong suggested that the state (2) formulate the design specifications, technical specifications and acceptance standards of decentralized sewage treatment facilities as soon as possible according to the use of machines and the service life of oil, so as to improve the standardization and serialization level of facilities, provide technical support for the use of decentralized sewage treatment facilities, and also provide technical basis for environmental supervision and law enforcement